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This collection of Essays on Numinosity offers a new approach to religion for the twenty-first century. The new approach is called numinology. It is sparked by the ancient Latin term numen, which has been known for more than two thousand years. Unlike theology, the numinological approach to religion provides the grounding for both personalistic and reistic formulations of religious thought. A new term to many, numen is used in these essays as a modern religious concept for that which enhances survival-replication on planet Earth. Over the last two million years, the human brain has tripled in size and has developed a remarkably effective capability for enhancing the survival-replication of the genus Homo and its species. The brain's ability to detect what is numinous in experience has enabled human beings to form culture around numinosity and thus produce religion. Accordingly, religion in these essays is defined as the enculturation of the individual and collective experiences of numinosity, passed on by tradition over varying periods of time.

The starting point of numinological thinking is religion, not God. The idea of numinous feelings, as set forth vividly in theological terms by Rudolf Otto, is here put instead into an evolutionary perspective. The framework of the conscious and unconscious mind, developed by depth psychologists Freud and Jung, is also put into the broader evolutionary context of the operation of the 'old brain' and the 'new brain'. The recent findings from fossil and genetic research by paleoanthropologists signal the need for a radical revision in our understanding of religion, which originated more than two million years ago. Numinology avoids the traditional failures of theology, especially monotheology, seeing them as flawed modes of thought about survival-replication. Likewise, numinology avoids the widespread deficiencies of evolutionary thought, which reduce survival primarily to competition rather than cooperation of living organisms. If religious thought in the twenty-first century is built on numinous foundations, the survival-replication of Homo sapiens itself will be enhanced.

Table of Contents for EN I
Table of Contents for EN II
Table of Contents for EN III

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